Survivors of the failed Nanchang Uprising trekked for months through four provinces before finally reaching a remote mountain range straddling the Hunan-Jiangxi border in April 1928, where they joined a peasant army led by Mao Zedong to form what became the Red Army.
南昌起义失败后的幸存部队,辗转跋涉四省、历时数月,终于在一九二八年四月抵达湘赣边界一处偏远山区,与毛泽东率领的农民武装会师,由此组建成后来的红军。
That mountain range, Jinggangshan, sits within Ji’an prefecture and is still officially described as the cradle of the Chinese revolution; the merged force was reorganised there as the Fourth Red Army, with Zhu De as commander and Mao as party representative, and became the first rural revolutionary base in Communist Party history.
这片山区,即井冈山,位于吉安市境内,至今仍被官方称为”中国革命的摇篮”;两支部队在此合编为红四军,朱德任军长,毛泽东任党代表,这里也成为中共历史上第一个农村革命根据地。
According to China’s State Council Information Office, the strategy developed at Jinggangshan, of building armed strength in the countryside before moving on the cities, became known as encircling the cities from the rural areas, a doctrine that shaped the Communist Party’s approach to the civil war for the next two decades.
据中国国务院新闻办公室介绍,井冈山时期形成的”农村包围城市”战略——先在乡村积蓄武装力量、再向城市推进——此后二十年间,始终深刻影响着中国共产党在国内战争中的整体战略方针。
A National Hero Who Refused Every Offer to Surrender
一位拒绝任何招降的民族英雄
Centuries before any of that, Ji’an, then known as Luling, produced Wen Tianxiang, who topped the imperial examinations at 21 and later organised military resistance against the invading Mongol armies of Kublai Khan.
而在这一切发生的数个世纪之前,吉安,当时名为庐陵,走出了文天祥;他二十一岁便高中状元,后来在蒙古大军来犯之际,组织军队奋起抵抗。
Captured in 1279, Wen spent four years in prison refusing every attempt to turn him, including a visit from the deposed Song emperor himself, sent by his captors specifically to persuade him to submit; he was executed in 1283 rather than serve the Yuan dynasty, having written the line since quoted for more than seven centuries, since ancient times, who has avoided death; let this loyal heart shine forth in the annals of history.
文天祥于一二七九年被俘,此后四年身陷囹圄,始终拒绝一切招降,甚至连已经退位的宋恭帝本人也被元军派来劝降,却仍未能使他动摇;一二八三年,他拒绝出仕元朝,慷慨就义,留下了那句此后传诵逾七百年的名句——”人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青”。
An Economy Growing Faster than Its Population Is Shrinking
一个增速快于人口降幅的经济体
According to the city’s own 2024 economic communiqué, Ji’an’s GDP reached ¥291.7 billion that year, up 5.7 percent, with per capita output at ¥66,781; the permanent population stood at 4.3507 million, continuing a gradual decline from previous years.
据该市自身发布的二零二四年经济统计公报显示,当年吉安市GDP达二千九百一十七点三亿元,同比增长百分之五点七,人均产值为六万六千七百八十一元;常住人口为四百三十五点零七万人,较往年持续小幅下降。
Getting to Ji’an means a high-speed rail journey of around 45 minutes from Nanchang, or a short flight into Jinggangshan Airport, which shares its name with the mountain base some 90 kilometres to the west.
前往吉安,可乘坐高铁,从南昌出发车程约四十五分钟;也可乘飞机抵达井冈山机场,该机场与其以西约九十公里外的那处革命根据地同名。
Visitors now drive up the same mountain roads the Nanchang survivors once walked on foot, arriving within a couple of hours at a summit that took their exhausted predecessors the better part of a year to reach.
如今,游客驱车沿着当年南昌起义幸存者徒步跋涉过的同一条山路而上,不过一两个小时便可抵达山顶,而他们疲惫不堪的前辈,当年却足足花了近一年时间才最终抵达。
