What better day to enact China’s new law on the protection of minors than Children’s Day? A completely overhauled legislation is now in place to protect those under 18 years of age from a slew of dangers, many the product of the age in which we live.
还有什么日子比儿童节更适合颁布中国新的未成年人保护法呢？一项彻底修改的立法现已出台，以保护 18 岁以下的人免受一系列危险的侵害，其中许多危险是我们生活的时代的产物。
Statistics show that the death and injury rates of children in traffic accidents without a child safety seat in a car are eight and three times higher, respectively. It comes as great news then as child safety seat use has been included in the national legislation for the first time.
统计显示，车内没有儿童安全座椅的儿童发生交通事故的死亡率和受伤率分别高出八倍和三倍。这是一个好消息，因为儿童安全座椅的使用首次被纳入国家立法。
Many other protections afforded by the law are derived from the fact society spends now much of its time online, while also for the first time, mother nature and issues such as bullying have been given a look in.
法律提供的许多其他保护源于社会现在大部分时间都花在网上的事实，同时也首次考虑到大自然和欺凌等问题。
In order to get a better insight to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Minors (2020 Revision) which came into force today, 1 June, 2021, The Nanjinger spoke with Frank Gong, Partner at Jiangsu G&D Law Firm.
为了更好地了解2021年6月1日起施行的《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法（2020年修订）》，《南京人》采访了江苏捷德律师事务所合伙人龚方。
Gong sees that the new law will be of benefit to not just minors, but also many industries catering to their needs. “I think the education industry, property industry and most obviously, the baby-products industry will expand hugely because of the newly revised Law of the PRC on the Protection of Minors”, he said.
龚认为，新法律不仅有利于未成年人，也有利于许多满足他们需求的行业。 “我认为，教育行业、房地产行业，尤其是婴儿用品行业，将因新修订的《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》而大幅扩张”，他说。
In the online world, Article 17 (6) states that minors’ parents or other guardians must not indulge minors in their becoming addicted to the internet. It goes one step further in Article 71; “Minors’ parents or other guardians shall improve their network literacy, regulate their own use of the Internet, and strengthen the guidance and supervision of minors’ use of the Internet”.
在网络世界，第十七条第六项规定，未成年人的父母或者其他监护人不得纵容未成年人沉迷网络。第 71 条更进一步； “未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当提高网络素养，规范自己使用互联网的行为，加强对未成年人使用互联网的指导和监督”。
Still online, Article 75 states, “The state shall establish a unified electronic identity authentication system for minors playing cyber games. Cyber game service providers shall require minors to register and log into cyber games with their real identity information.”
第七十五条规定，“国家对未成年人网络游戏建立统一的电子身份认证制度。网络游戏服务提供者应当要求未成年人使用真实身份信息注册、登录网络游戏。”
The Nanjinger wondered whether such runs contrary to other provisions in the law for minors’ rights to privacy? Gong replied, “Although the Article 1035 of the Civil Code of the PRC formulates that the personal information of a natural person shall be processed after obtaining the consent of the natural person or his or her guardian, Article 75 of the new law is a compulsory law which can protect children from bad influences on the Internet.
南京人想知道这是否与法律中有关未成年人隐私权的其他规定相抵触？龚回答道：“虽然《中华人民共和国民法典》第1035条规定处理自然人的个人信息应当征得自然人或者其监护人的同意，但新法第75条是一部强制性法律，可以保护儿童免受网络不良影响。
“The aim of the new law is sacrificing the privacy of children and protecting children’s other more significant rights.”
“新法律的目的是牺牲儿童的隐私并保护儿童的其他更重要的权利。”
Back with those car seats, Article 18 makes it clear that the issue falls under providing a safe family living environment for minors. The Article specifically states, “Parents or other guardians of minors shall … adopt measures such providing safety seats for children and educating minors to follow traffic rules to prevent minors from being injured by traffic accidents; and raise awareness of outdoor safety protection to prevent minors from drowning, suffering animal injuries, and other accidents.”
回到这些汽车座椅，第18条明确指出该问题属于为未成年人提供安全的家庭生活环境的问题。该条明确规定，“未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当……采取为儿童提供安全座椅、教育未成年人遵守交通规则等措施，防止未成年人发生交通事故伤害；提高户外安全防护意识，防止未成年人溺水、动物受伤等事故的发生。”
But is this clear enough? In the U.K. for example, a child seat is required for children under 12 or less than 135cm in height. The new China law defines a minor as under 18 but makes no mention of exceptions for child seats.
但这足够清楚了吗？例如，在英国，12 岁以下或身高低于 135 厘米的儿童需要使用儿童座椅。新的中国法律将未成年人定义为18岁以下，但没有提及儿童座椅的例外情况。
And then there is the issue of ride hailing.
还有叫车的问题。
As to due process, public security organs, the people’s procuratorates, the people’s courts, and the judicial administrative departments shall determine special institutions or designate special personnel to be responsible for handling cases involving minors. Personnel handling cases involving minors shall receive special trainings and be familiar with the physical and mental characteristics of minors. There shall be female staff members in special institutions or among special personnel.
按照正当程序，公安机关、人民检察院、人民法院和司法行政部门应当确定专门机构或者指定专人负责办理涉及未成年人的案件。办理未成年人案件的人员应当经过专门培训，熟悉未成年人的身心特征。专门机构或者特种人员中应当有女性工作人员。
Another highlight of the legislation is that schools and kindergartens shall educate as to frugality, opposing waste and cherishing food, in order that minors establish a sense of shame in waste and a pride in saving.
该立法的另一亮点是，学校、幼儿园应当开展节俭、反对浪费、珍惜粮食的教育，让未成年人树立浪费的耻辱感、节约的自豪感。
Yes, a green lifestyle for minors is now the law in China.
是的，未成年人的绿色生活方式现在已经成为中国的法律。
In other areas, education on bullying, together with its prevention and control, is also to be carried out for faculty, students and others.
在其他领域，也要对教职员工、学生和其他人员进行欺凌及其预防和控制的教育。
China’s new law also brings the country in line with many International standards as to the sale of tobacco, alcohol and lottery tickets. Businesses conducting such are to make it conspicuous that sales will not be made to minors; and to require identification to be shown when in doubt.
中国的新法律还使中国在烟酒和彩票销售方面符合许多国际标准。开展此类活动的企业应明确表明不会向未成年人进行销售；并在有疑问时要求出示身份证明。
The new law applies equally to foreign nationals or stateless minors who are not yet 18 years old and are in the territory of mainland China.
新法同样适用于在中国大陆境内的未满18周岁的外国人或无国籍未成年人。
