A typhoon made landfall near Shantou at nine o’clock at night on 2 August 1922, with its lowest recorded pressure at 932 hectopascals and winds reaching around 100 miles an hour; the storm surge that followed breached the region’s coastal dikes.
一九二二年八月二日晚九时，一场台风在汕头附近登陆，有记录的最低气压为九百三十二百帕，最大风速约每小时一百英里；随之而来的风暴潮，冲垮了当地的沿海堤防。
No precise death toll survives. Later estimates have ranged from around 50,000 to more than 100,000 across the region, making the 1922 Shantou typhoon one of the deadliest tropical cyclones ever recorded.
这场风灾的确切死亡人数已无从考证。后世估计从约五万人到逾十万人不等，令一九二二年的这场汕头台风，成为有记录以来死亡人数最多的热带气旋之一。
Dikes, Relief and Two Buried Tablets
堤防、赈灾，与两块被埋没的石碑
In 2013, builders renovating Chenghai Middle School dug up two large stone tablets recording both the devastation and the relief effort that followed, including donations of more than ¥190,000 and assistance from charitable organisations and overseas Chinese; Chenghai, like much of the Shantou region, had long sent emigrants to Southeast Asia and beyond.
二零一三年，澄海中学在校园改造施工中，意外挖出两块大石碑，碑文既记载了这场灾难的惨况，也记录了此后的赈灾事迹，其中包括逾十九万元的捐款，以及慈善机构与海外侨胞的援助；澄海与汕头地区其他地方一样，长期以来都有大量居民移居东南亚及世界各地。
The overseas donations belonged to a much larger flow of money between Southeast Asia and the Chaoshan coast. For generations, much of that everyday remittance traffic travelled through qiaopi, letters sent home together with remittances, carried by couriers known as shuike. The surviving qiaopi archive, running to hundreds of thousands of documents, was added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register in 2013.
这些海外捐款，只是东南亚与潮汕沿海之间长期资金往来的一部分。数代以来，大量日常侨汇通过”侨批”传递——家书与汇款一同寄回故乡，并由被称为”水客”的信使往返递送。数以十万计的侨批文书得以留存，并于二零一三年入选联合国教科文组织《世界记忆名录》。
The Chaoshan region’s unusually large overseas population has long been summed up in a local saying: “One Chaoshan at home, another overseas.”
潮汕地区异常庞大的海外人口，长期以来被当地一句俗语概括——”海内一个潮汕，海外一个潮汕”。
Overseas connections later played another role in Chenghai’s development. In the late 1970s and 1980s, Hong Kong manufacturers began shifting production into Guangdong, while family and overseas Chinese networks helped bring orders, capital and information to Chenghai; by 1985 the district had 406 toy factories and workshops employing around 10,000 people.
海外联系后来又在澄海的发展中扮演了另一重角色。二十世纪七十年代末至八十年代，香港制造商开始将生产转移至广东，家族与海外华人网络则为澄海带来了订单、资金与信息；到一九八五年，当地已有玩具厂及作坊四百零六家，从业者约一万人。
Chenghai, China’s Capital of Toys and Gifts
澄海，中国玩具礼品之都
Chenghai now accounts for roughly a third of global plastic-toy production capacity, according to the district’s own industry figures, exporting to more than 120 countries and regions; industry revenue passed ¥50 billion in 2023, and the district is home to Alpha Group, one of China’s largest animation and toy companies.
据澄海区自身的产业数据，当地如今占据全球近三分之一的塑料玩具产能，产品出口至一百二十多个国家和地区；二零二三年，当地玩具产业营收突破五百亿元，奥飞娱乐这家中国最大的动漫玩具企业之一，总部便设于此地。
Alpha Group, the Chenghai company behind cartoon franchises including Super Wings, began life as a toy business in 1993; Super Wings has since reached more than 180 countries and regions.
奥飞娱乐这家旗下拥有《超级飞侠》等动画品牌的澄海企业，一九九三年起以玩具生意起家；《超级飞侠》此后已进入全球一百八十多个国家和地区。
Chenghai is also the world’s largest production base for Rubik’s cubes, and many of the competition cubes used to set speedcubing world records in recent years have been made there.
澄海同时也是世界最大的魔方生产基地，近年来，速拧选手创造世界纪录时所使用的比赛魔方，有不少都产自这里。
