Heilongjiang’s Daxing’anling Prefecture is administered from Jiagedaqi, a town within the territory of Inner Mongolia’s Oroqen Autonomous Banner. A 1979 central notice, repeated by the State Council in 1980, kept Jiagedaqi under Heilongjiang’s leadership while its original territorial rights and tax revenue stayed with Inner Mongolia.
黑龙江大兴安岭地区的行政公署设在加格达奇,而加格达奇位于内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗境内。一九七九年的一份中央文件(一九八零年国务院再次重申)规定,加格达奇仍归黑龙江领导,但原属地权和税收仍归内蒙古。
Jiagedaqi was Oroqen hunting ground in Inner Mongolia until 10 February 1964, when the central government decided to open up the Daxing’anling forests; the special zone approved that August put its government and forestry bureau there, and in 1970 it became a prefecture. When the Oroqen and Morin Dawa banners went back to Inner Mongolia in 1979, the districts of Jiagedaqi and Songling stayed under Heilongjiang.
一九六四年二月十日之前,加格达奇是内蒙古境内鄂伦春猎民的游猎之地;当天,中央决定开发大兴安岭林区,同年八月批准设立的大兴安岭特区,把政府和林业管理局都设在这里,一九七零年改设为地区。一九七九年鄂伦春和莫力达瓦两旗重归内蒙古时,加格达奇和松岭两区仍留在黑龙江管辖之下。
According to the administrative-divisions site xzqh.org, Jiagedaqi covers 1,587 square kilometres and Songling about 15,800. The Paper, quoting the Oroqen Banner’s own record, says the 1979 central document left the two districts’ original territorial rights unchanged and their tax revenue with Inner Mongolia, and that Heilongjiang pays Inner Mongolia a fee every year. The prefecture as a whole covers 82,929 square kilometres and had 331,276 permanent residents at the 2020 census.
据区划地名网介绍,加格达奇区面积一千五百八十七平方公里,松岭区约一万五千八百平方公里。据澎湃新闻引述鄂伦春自治旗自身的记述,一九七九年的中央文件规定两区原属地权不变、税收归内蒙古自治区,黑龙江省每年还要向内蒙古支付一定费用。全地区面积八万二千九百二十九平方公里,二零二零年人口普查常住人口三十三万一千二百七十六人。
Fire and Axes
大火与斧锯
On 6 May 1987, fires broke out at several forestry stations, reportedly sparked by workers using brush cutters and by smoking in the forest, according to The Paper, and the blaze burned for 28 days. It killed 211 people, caused burns to 266 others and left 56,092 homeless, destroying the headquarters of three forestry bureaus. The State Council removed the forestry minister, Yang Zhong, from his post afterwards, according to its own report on the fire.
据澎湃新闻报道,一九八七年五月六日,多个林场相继起火,起火原因据称是作业人员使用割灌机和在林中吸烟,大火持续燃烧二十八天,造成二百一十一人死亡、二百六十六人烧伤、五万六千零九十二人失去家园,三个林业局局址被毁。据国务院关于这场大火的汇报,事后国务院撤销了林业部部长杨钟的职务。
Daxing’anling stopped commercial logging of natural forest on 1 April 2014, ending 50 years of timber production. After the stop, 184 of its 202 timber firms had closed, nearly 30,000 workers were surplus and the prefecture carried ¥6.81 billion in debt, said its Party secretary Jia Yumei to China Mayor magazine; forest cover was reported at 84.89 percent by the China Disaster Prevention Association.
大兴安岭于二零一四年四月一日全面停止天然林商业性采伐,结束了五十年的木材生产。据地委书记贾玉梅接受《中国市长》杂志采访时介绍,停伐之后,全区二百零二家木业企业有一百八十四家停产,富余人员近三万人,还背负六十八点一亿元债务;据中国灾害防御协会资料,森林覆盖率为百分之八十四点八九。
China’s Coldest Corner
中国最冷的角落
Mohe, China’s northernmost city, recorded −53°C at Jintao station in Amur town on 22 January 2023, breaking its previous record of −52.3°C set at Beiji village in 1969. China News Service described the 2023 reading as the lowest temperature ever recorded in China. Its annual average is about −3°C, with only 80-odd frost-free days, according to Xinhua.
漠河是中国最北的城市;二零二三年一月二十二日,阿木尔镇劲涛气象站实测气温零下五十三摄氏度,刷新了漠河一九六九年在北极村创下的零下五十二点三摄氏度纪录。中国新闻网称,这是中国有气象记录以来的最低气温。据新华社报道,漠河年平均气温约零下三摄氏度,无霜期仅八十多天。
Mohe recorded 3.656 million visitor trips in 2025, roughly 62 for each of its 59,323 registered residents. Visitors spent ¥3.31 billion, according to the city government.
漠河二零二五年接待游客三百六十五点六万人次,约为其五万九千三百二十三名户籍人口的六十二倍。据漠河市政府介绍,游客旅游花费三十三点一亿元。
It was named China’s extreme-cold capital in 2024, and a vehicle and equipment cold-test park was set up there under China Inspection Group.
二零二四年,漠河获评中国”极寒之都”;国检集团的漠河极寒测试园也已落地,用于车辆和装备的低温测试。
According to the prefecture’s 2025 statistical communiqué, GDP reached ¥17.75 billion, up 4.2 percent, with services at 64.0 percent of output. The registered population was 357,584, with 743 births against 7,524 deaths, and civil aviation carried 511,000 passengers, up 12.4 percent.
据大兴安岭地区二零二五年统计公报显示,全区GDP达一百七十七点五亿元,同比增长百分之四点二,第三产业占百分之六十四点零;年末户籍总人口三十五万七千五百八十四人,全年出生七百四十三人,死亡七千五百二十四人,民航旅客吞吐量五十一点一万人次,增长百分之十二点四。
Getting to Mohe has no high-speed option: the K7039 train from Harbin takes about 17 hours, and flights to Gulian Airport take around 1 hour 45 minutes.
前往漠河没有高铁可乘:从哈尔滨出发,K7039次列车约需十七小时,飞往古莲机场的航班约需一小时四十五分钟。
The 1987 fire is recorded at a memorial hall in Mohe, whose wall charts of wind, rainfall and temperature show how dry that spring was, according to the China Disaster Prevention Association.
据中国灾害防御协会资料,漠河建有”五·六”火灾纪念馆,馆内墙上的风力、降雨量和温度对比图,显示出一九八七年那个春天有多么干旱。
